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photo credits: mcasiwakuni.marines.mil

La Festa delle Bambole

Il terzo giorno del terzo mese di ogni anno in Giappone cade una ricorrenza particolare: l’ Hina-matsuri (雛祭り) in cui la sfortuna delle bambine viene trasferita alle bambole e i familiari rivolgono preghiere agli dei affinché venga data salute e bellezza alle proprie figlie. Questa festa affonda le sue radici nel periodo Heian (1650). Le bambole sono sempre state oggetto di credenze particolari in quanto capaci di contenere spiriti malvagi. Durante il cerimoniale dell’ Hina-Nagashi (雛流し, La bambola fluttuante) alcune bambole di paglia venivano posate lungo il corso di un fiume affinché portassero via con se gli spiriti maligni, ancora oggi in qualche zona del Giappone si celebra questo rituale.

photo credit: monchhichi.net

Le Bambole dell’ Hina-dan (雛壇)

L’hina-dan è una piattaforma di 7 gradini coperta da un telo rosso con una striscia arcobaleno sul fondo che prende il nome di hi-mōsen. Sull’hina-dan vengono posizionate le hina ningyo, le bambole tramandate di generazione in generazione e dalla fattura particolare.
Sul primo gradino vengono disposte le bambole che rappresentano la corte imperiale del periodo Heian, l’imperatore e l’imperatrice, con alle loro spalle un piccolo paravento dorato e due lanterna di carta o seta sui lati.
Sul secondo gradino sono poste tre dame di corte che sorreggono il corredo per il sake e sono separate da due piccoli tavolini rotondi (takatsuki) su cui viene posto un dolce di stagione.
Sul terzo gradino si trovano cinque musicisti maschi la cui disposizione segue l’ordine da destra verso sinistra e dipende dal tipo di strumento: musicista seduto con piccolo tamburo, musicista in piedi con un tamburo grande , musicista in piedi con percussioni, un suonatore seduto con il flauto e, infine , un cantante seduto con un ventaglio tra le mani.
Sul quarto gradino è il turno di due ministri: il più giovane è posto sulla destra, il più anziano sulla sinistra entrambi dotati di arco e frecce e separati dai takatsuki.
Sul quinto gradino sono disposti tre samurai protettori dell’imperatore e dell’imperatrice, i quali reggono un rastrello, una paletta e una scopa e le cui espressioni rappresentano pianto, riso e rabbia.
Sul sesto gradino ci sono gli oggetti che la corte usa all’interno del palazzo.
Sul settimo gradino sono infine posizionali gli oggetti che la corte usa quando è lontana dal palazzo.

photo credit: trend-blog-site.com

Tra kimoni, hishi-mochi e amazake

Durante il festival le ragazze indossano il kimono più bello o si vestono come le bambole. Le feste a tema sono molteplici, ma in ognuna di esse è possibile bere il shirozake, un particolare sake dolce e analcolico a base di amazake (甘酒, un dolcificante ottenuto dalla fermentazione del riso), assaporare gli arare (あられ, dei cracker composti da riso glutinoso e aromatizzati con salsa di soia) e il dolce tipico dell’Hina-matsuri: l’hishi-mochi (菱餅ひしもち). Esso è un composto di riso glutinoso a forma di cubo. È costituito da tre strati colorati ognuno dei quali ha un significato particolare: il verde rappresenta l’erba e simboleggia la salute; il bianco la neve, simbolo di purificazione; ed infine il rosa che rappresenta i fiori di pesco e caccia la malignità. Insieme questi tre colori indicano l’avvento della primavera, quando la neve si scioglie l’erba cresce e iniziano a germogliare i fiori di pesco.[:en]

photo credits: mcasiwakuni.marines.mil

Doll’s Day

There is a special celebration held annually on the third day of the third month in Japan known as Hina-matsuri (雛 祭 り), also known as Doll’s Day or Girl’s Day. During this celebration, the misfortunes of girls are transferred to the dolls and the family members pray to the gods for their daughters’ good health and beauty.
This festival dates back to the Heian period (1650) and in Japanese culture, dolls have always been believed to have the capacity to contain evil spirits. During the Hina-Nagashi (雛 流 し, The floating doll) ceremonies, straw dolls will be placed along the course of a river to take the evil spirits away with them. This ritual is still carried out in some parts of Japan.

photo credit: monchhichi.net

The Dolls of Hina-dan (雛 壇)

The hina-dan is a platform of 7 steps covered by a red carpet with a rainbow stripe at the bottom, called hi-mōsen. The hina ningyo, ornamental dolls passed from generation to generation, are placed on this hina-dan.
On the first step, the highest step, are the dolls representing the imperial court of the Heian period, the position of emperor and the empress, behind them a small golden screen and two lanterns of paper or silk on the sides.
On the second step there are three court ladies serving sake and separated by two small round tables (takatsuki), on which seasonal sweets are displayed.
On the third step there are five male musicians who are arranged from right to left and based on the instrument they hold in this order: a musician seated with a small drum, a standing musician with a large drum, a standing musician with percussion, a sitting player with the flute and, finally, a singer seated with a fan in his hands.
On the fourth step there are two ministers: the younger is placed on the right, the elder on the left. Both of them are equipped with bows and arrows while separated by takatsuki.
Three samurai, protectors of the emperor and the empress, are placed on the fifth step. They each hold a rake, a shovel, and a broom with respective expressions of weeping, of laughter, and of rage.
On the sixth step there are the objects that the court uses inside the building.
On the seventh and final step, the lowest tier, are the objects the court uses when they are far from the building.

photo credit: trend-blog-site.com

Between kimoni, hishi-mochi and amazake

During the festival, girls wear their most beautiful kimonos or dress up like dolls. There are numerous themed parties where shirozake, a special sweet and non-alcoholic sake based on amazake (甘 酒, a sweetener obtained from the fermentation of rice), arare (あ ら れ, crackers composed by glutinous rice and flavored with soy sauce) and the traditional sweet of Hina-matsuri, hishi-mochi (菱 餅 ひ し も ち) are served.
Hishi-mochi is a cube-shaped glutinous rice mixture made up of three colored layers. Each layer holds special meanings. Green represents the grass and symbolizes health; white represents snow, a symbol of purity; and finally, rose represents the plum blossoms fighting malignancy. Together these three colors indicate the arrival of spring, when the snow melts, the grass grows and the plum blossoms start to bloom.[:ja]

photo credits: mcasiwakuni.marines.mil

Doll’s Day

There is a special celebration held annually on the third day of the third month in Japan known as Hina-matsuri (雛 祭 り), also known as Doll’s Day or Girl’s Day. During this celebration, the misfortunes of girls are transferred to the dolls and the family members pray to the gods for their daughters’ good health and beauty.
This festival dates back to the Heian period (1650) and in Japanese culture, dolls have always been believed to have the capacity to contain evil spirits. During the Hina-Nagashi (雛 流 し, The floating doll) ceremonies, straw dolls will be placed along the course of a river to take the evil spirits away with them. This ritual is still carried out in some parts of Japan.

photo credit: monchhichi.net

The Dolls of Hina-dan (雛 壇)

The hina-dan is a platform of 7 steps covered by a red carpet with a rainbow stripe at the bottom, called hi-mōsen. The hina ningyo, ornamental dolls passed from generation to generation, are placed on this hina-dan.
On the first step, the highest step, are the dolls representing the imperial court of the Heian period, the position of emperor and the empress, behind them a small golden screen and two lanterns of paper or silk on the sides.
On the second step there are three court ladies serving sake and separated by two small round tables (takatsuki), on which seasonal sweets are displayed.
On the third step there are five male musicians who are arranged from right to left and based on the instrument they hold in this order: a musician seated with a small drum, a standing musician with a large drum, a standing musician with percussion, a sitting player with the flute and, finally, a singer seated with a fan in his hands.
On the fourth step there are two ministers: the younger is placed on the right, the elder on the left. Both of them are equipped with bows and arrows while separated by takatsuki.
Three samurai, protectors of the emperor and the empress, are placed on the fifth step. They each hold a rake, a shovel, and a broom with respective expressions of weeping, of laughter, and of rage.
On the sixth step there are the objects that the court uses inside the building.
On the seventh and final step, the lowest tier, are the objects the court uses when they are far from the building.

photo credit: trend-blog-site.com

Between kimoni, hishi-mochi and amazake

During the festival, girls wear their most beautiful kimonos or dress up like dolls. There are numerous themed parties where shirozake, a special sweet and non-alcoholic sake based on amazake (甘 酒, a sweetener obtained from the fermentation of rice), arare (あ ら れ, crackers composed by glutinous rice and flavored with soy sauce) and the traditional sweet of Hina-matsuri, hishi-mochi (菱 餅 ひ し も ち) are served.
Hishi-mochi is a cube-shaped glutinous rice mixture made up of three colored layers. Each layer holds special meanings. Green represents the grass and symbolizes health; white represents snow, a symbol of purity; and finally, rose represents the plum blossoms fighting malignancy. Together these three colors indicate the arrival of spring, when the snow melts, the grass grows and the plum blossoms start to bloom.[:]